Loading...
Evolution of the Southwest Indian Ridge from 55°45'E to 62°E: Changes in Plate-Boundary Geometry Since 26 Ma
Baines, A. G. Cheadle, Michael Dick, H. J. B. Scheirer, A. H. John, Barbara Kusznir, N. J. Matsumoto, T.
Baines, A. G.
Cheadle, Michael
Dick, H. J. B.
Scheirer, A. H.
John, Barbara
Kusznir, N. J.
Matsumoto, T.
Abstract
Description
From 55°45'E to 58°45'E and from 60°30'E to 62°00'E, the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) consists of magmatic spreading segments separated by oblique amagmatic spreading segments, transform faults, and nontransform discontinuities. Off-axis magnetic and multibeam bathymetric data permit investigation of the evolution of this part of the SWIR. Individual magmatic segments show varying magnitudes and directions of asymmetric spreading, which requires that the shape of the plate boundary has changed significantly over time. In particular, since 26 Ma the Atlantis II transform fault grew by 90 km to reach 199 km, while a 45-km-long transform fault at 56°30'E shrank to become an 11 km offset nontransform discontinuity. Conversely, an oblique amagmatic segment at the center of a first-order spreading segment shows little change in orientation with time. These changes are consistent with the clockwise rotation of two similar to 450-km-wide first-order spreading segments between the Gallieni and Melville transform faults (52-60°E) to become more orthogonal to spreading. We suggest that suborthogonal first-order spreading segments reflect a stable configuration for mid-ocean ridges that maximizes upwelling rates in the asthenospheric mantle and results in a hotter and weaker ridge-axis that can more easily accommodate seafloor spreading.
Date
2007-06-23
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of Wyoming. Libraries
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Keywords
Southwest Indian Ridge,Atlantis II fracture zone,asymmetric spreading,ridge segmentation,marine geology and geophysics: midocean ridge processes,marine geology and geophysics: marine magnetics and paleomagnetics,marine geology and geophysics: oce,Geology