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Item IMPROVING SEMI-ARID AGROECOSYSTEM SERVICES WITH COVER CROP MIXES(2019-05-09)Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) production in the semi-arid US Northern High Plains (NHP) is challenged by frequent droughts and water-limited, low fertility soils. Composted cattle manure (compost) and cover crops (CC) are known to provide agroecosystem services such as improved soil health, and in the CC case, increased plant diversity, and competition with weedy species. The main concern of planting CC in winter wheat fallow rotation in regions that are more productive than the NHP, however, is the soil moisture depletion. It is unknown however, whether addition of CC to compost-amended soils in the NHP will improve soil properties and agroecosystem health without compromising already low soil water content. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of four CC treatments amended with compost (45 Mg ha-1) or inorganic fertilizer (IF) (.09 Mg ha-1 mono-ammonium phosphate, 11-52-0 and 1.2 Mg ha-1ammonium sulfate, 21-0-0) on the presence of weeds, soil and plant total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation (BNF). Mycorrhizal Mix (MM), Nitrogen Fixer Mix (NF), Soil Building Mix (SB), a monoculture of phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth L.) (PH), and a no CC control (no CC) were grown in native soil kept at 7% soil moisture in a greenhouse for a period of nine weeks. When amended with compost, MM was the most beneficial (48 g m-2 BNF and 1.7% soil C increase). SB had the highest germination, aboveground biomass, and decreased weed biomass by 60% . It also demonstrated the second highest amount of BNF (40 g m-2) and soil C increase by 1.5%. On contrary, IF hindered BNF by almost 70% in all legume-containing CC treatments and reduced soil C by 15%. Keywords: biological nitrogen fixation, 15N natural abundanceItem Raw 16S amplicon reads used in the manuscript entitled: "Impacts of sample handling and storage conditions on archiving physiologically active soil microbial communities"(2024-03-06)Soil microbial communities are fundamental to ecosystem processes and plant growth, yet, community composition is seasonally and successionally dynamic, which interferes with long-term iterative experimentation of plant-microbe interactions. We explore how soil sample handling (e.g., filtering) and sample storage conditions impact the ability to revive the original, physiologically active, soil microbial community. We obtained soil from agricultural fields in Montana and Oklahoma, USA and samples were sieved to 2mm or filtered to 45µm. Sieved and filtered soil samples were archived at -20C or -80C for 50 days and revived for 2 or 7 days. We extracted DNA and the more transient RNA pools from control and treatment samples and characterized microbial communities using 16S amplicon sequencing. Filtration and storage treatments significantly altered soil microbial communities, impacting both species richness and community composition. Storing sieved soil at -20C did not alter species richness and resulted in the least disruption to the microbial community composition in comparison to non-archived controls as characterized by RNA pools from soils of both sites. Filtration significantly altered composition but not species richness, although filtered treatments had lower mean richness. Archiving sieved soil at -20C could allow for long-term and repeated experimentation on preserved physiologically active microbial communities.Item Open Universal Design for Learning: Working to Make Open Education Resources Equitable and Accessible(American Library Association, 2024-03-21)Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is having a larger presence in the pedagogy of librarians who teach information literacy. However, while themes of accessibility have gained strong traction in the conversations around information literacy, the application of accessible pedagogical approaches, such as UDL, has yet to have a large presence in the open educational resource (OER) literature, even though the principles of UDL and open access practices are closely aligned. Applying the principles of UDL to OER in the classroom and in repositories helps to provide a practical example of how the technical and ethical aspects of UDL can work in academic libraries. UDL can be used to drive purposeful work in both open practices and open infrastructures in meaningful ways. All levels of instructional support, from librarians to instructional designers, and repository managers, can begin to take the steps to incorporate the principles of UDL and open education resources and work toward the pedagogical and technical equity that will help to support learners and educators.Item Geology of Sinks Canyon State park(University of Wyoming Libraries)Item Helium in Wyoming(University of Wyoming Libraries)
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